Anne+and+Yeji

= **Joints and Movements** =


 * __ Types of Joints __**

**Joints:**location in which two or more joints make contact;they provide support and allow movement

There are three types of joints. 1.Fibrous 2.Cartilaginous 3.Synovial

> There are 6 types of synovial joints - Ball and socket - Condyloid - Gliding - Hinge - Pivot - Saddle


 * ** FIBROUS JOINT **: //lie in between bones that closely contact one another//


 * ** CARTILAGINOUS JOINT :** //connected by fibro cartilage//


 * ** SYNOVIAL JOINT :** //space between the bones that is filled with synovial fluid; most joints;//

**THE TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS**

>
 * **BALL SOCKET:** //all movement except for gliding//
 * **CONDYLOID:** //two bones fit together in an odd shape//
 * **GLIDING:** //allow only gliding and sliding movements//
 * **HINGE:** //flexion and extension movements in only one plane//
 * **PIVOT:** //one bone rotates with another//
 * **SADDLE:** //same movement as condyloid joints (two bones that fit together)//

__**MOVEMENTS**__

 * o **Flexion-**bending parts at a joint so that the angle between them decreases and the parts come closer together


 * o **Extension**-straightening parts at a joint so that the angle between them increases


 * o **Dorsiflexion**-bending the foot art the ankle toward the shin


 * o **Plantar flexion**-bending the foot at the ankle toward the sole


 * o **Hyperextension**-excess extension of the parts at a joint, beyond the anatomical position (bending the head back beyond the upright position)


 * o **Abduction**-moving part away from midline


 * o **Adduction**-moving part toward midline


 * o **Rotation**-moving part around an axis

--ROTATION AND CIRCUMDUCTION ARE VERY SIMILAR--


 * o **Circumduction**-moving a part so that its end follows a circular path


 * o **Pronation**-turning the hand so that the palm is facing downwar


 * o **Supination**-turning the hand so the palm if facing upward
 * o **Eversion**-turning the foot so that the sole faces laterally


 * o **Inversion**-turning the foot so that the sole faces medially


 * o **Retraction**-moving a part backward
 * o **Protraction**-moving a part forward


 * o **Depression** -l owering a part


 * o **Elevation**-raising a part

**Video** media type="youtube" key="kniK4yuPPcE" height="315" width="560"